Posts Tagged ‘truffles’

The knowledge of salmon

Sunday, August 17th, 2008


17 August 2008
Most wild fish found in Irish waters is exported to countries such as France, Spain and Japan, with the result that it is getting increasingly difficult to get hold of at home.

Ironically, Ireland imports a huge amount of farmed fish from around the world.

Much of the tuna available from Irish fishmongers and supermarkets, for example, comes from Indonesia, while a lot of the sea bass comes from Greece. A supplier recently told me that he gets great scallops from the US and Canada, as well as farmed halibut from Iceland.

So when you get the chance to get hold of wild Irish salmon, don’t miss the opportunity. Over-fishing in the past means that it is only possible to get the genuine article over the next two weeks.

At Thornton’s, we only buy Irish fish. Although imported fish is available to the Irish consumer at a cheaper cost, wild Irish fish is far superior in quality. Farmed salmon available in Ireland is around €4 per kilogram, organic salmon is about €10, and wild salmon is around €25.

Labeling fish organic does not necessarily mean that it has lived in its own natural environment. Much organic salmon is farm-reared and fed with organic food. I can’t tell much difference in the taste between farmed and so-called organic fish.

However, farmed salmon bears no resemblance to wild salmon and it is worth the extra cost. This recipe includes truffles but they can be omitted.

Sautéed fillet of wild Atlantic salmon with summer vegetables and summer truffle
Serves 4

Ingredients: Salmon
4 pieces of wild salmon fillet, 110g each
Olive oil
Salt/pepper
4 carrots
1 celeriac
1 bunch of samphire or sea asparagus
Olive oil
1 lemon cut in half
Rock salt
New boiled potatoes (3to 4 per person)

Ingredients: dressing
50ml virgin olive oil
15ml truffle vinegar
10g diced summer truffle (or 30 black, stoneless olives)
5ml madeira
10ml spring water
2 tomatoes skinned, seeded and chopped
Sea salt
Fresh milled white pepper
One small bunch of chopped chives
Half a lemon

Method: salmon
1. Season the salmon on both sides and sauté in a hot pan (flesh side down) in a little olive oil for two minutes.

2. Place salmon in hot oven at 170 degrees centigrade for four minutes.

3. Remove and brush with olive oil.

4. Place under a hot grill for about one minute. Remove, squeeze lemon juice over the salmon, and serve.

Method: dressing
1. Wash and chop the truffle (or olives), and place in a bowl.

2. Add the chopped tomatoes, vinegar, olive oil, madeira, water and chives.

3. Mix well, and season to taste.

Method: vegetables
1. Dice all vegetables and cook in boiling, lightly-salted water for two minutes.

2. Remove and strain off water.

3. Return to pot. Add a little olive oil and season to taste. Heat through for a further minute.

4. Toss the samphire in a hot pan for a few seconds with a little olive oil and a little rock salt.

5. Remove and serve with boiled new potatoes.

Kevin Thornton is a Michelin-starred chef and owner of Thornton’s Restaurant on St Stephen’s Green in Dublin.

Meeting the vegetarian challenge

Sunday, May 4th, 2008


Eating out can be a frustrating task for vegetarians. My partner and youngest son were non-meat eaters for 12 years, and finding a restaurant with good vegetarian choices was never an easy task.

But living with non-meat eaters challenged me to develop lots of new vegetarian dishes, and I am proud of the vegetarian menu at Thornton’ s.

A ridiculously high proportion of vegetables consumed in Ireland are imported from other countries. When cooking with vegetables, try and opt for locally grown, seasonal produce, which should have a good flavour.


Ingredients – open celeriac ravioli with St George mushrooms and shallot sauce

Celeriac mousse
1 diced shallot
200g celeriac, peeled and diced
100ml cream
3 egg yolks
1 whole egg
7g sea salt
4g fresh milled pepper
10ml of truffle oil
Butter for the mould

Ingredients – lasagne
12 celeriac slices (thinly sliced)
1 celeriac mousse
2 shallots
5 strings of chopped chives
10g unsalted butter
12 sliced St George mushrooms
4 morel mushrooms
10ml olive oil
250ml water
Sea salt
Fresh milled pepper
Sliced spring truffle

Ingredients – truffle sauce
1 diced shallot
100ml of truffle juice
200ml of vegetable stock
5g truffle trimmings
20ml Madeira wine
Drop of truffle oil
20g unsalted butter, cubed
Sea salt
Fresh milled pepper

Ingredients – garnish
12 peeled pearl onions
12 morel mushrooms
12 white turnips, washed and peeled
12 slices of truffle
10ml truffle oil
5ml olive oil
1tsp honey
5g unsalted butter
100ml water
Sea salt
Fresh milled white pepper

Method: celeriac ravioli
1. Heat a pot and add the truffle oil, then add the celeriac season with salt and pepper. Cook on a low heat for ten minutes without colouring the vegetable. Add the cream and bring the mixture to the boil. Reduce the heat and cook until the celeriac is soft.

2. Remove from the heat and pure´e the mixture in a blender, then cool slightly.

3. Mix in the egg yolks and whole egg, taste and correct the seasoning.

4. Butter a medium-sized terrine dish, add the celeriac puree and put the lid on top.

5. Place the terrine in a bain-marie (a container half-full with hot water) and put it in the oven at 110C for approx 50 minutes.

6. Stick a knife into the mousse to test if it’s done – if it comes out clean, it’s cooked.

7. Remove from the oven and let the mousse rest for 20 minutes. Place a tray on top of the terrine, turn it upside down carefully and remove the terrine from the mousse. Cut into slices for use in the lasagne.

Method: lasagne
1. Heat a pot and bring the water to the boil, along with the butter and sea salt. Add the sliced celeriac and cook for two minutes. Remove and season with pepper.

2. Season the St George mushrooms and saute in a hot pan, using a drop of olive oil. Add the chopped chives, taste and correct the seasoning.

3. Assemble the lasagne by placing a slice of the celeriac mousse in the centre of the plate, then laying a celeriac slice on top.
Add another layer of mousse and place the sliced mushrooms on top. Place a few slices of truffle on top of the mousse, then cover with a slice of celeriac, then mushroom, then truffle.
Finish off the top with a whole St George mushroom.

Method: truffle sauce
1. Heat a pot, add the oil and saute the shallot without colouring it.

2. Add the truffle juice and Madeira and reduce by half. Add the vegetable stock and reduce the liquid by three quarters, taste and season. Fold in the butter and serve.

Method: garnish
1. Melt the butter in a pot, add the pearl onions, season and pour over 20ml of water. Cook at low heat for five to ten minutes, and correct the seasoning.

2. Heat a little olive oil in a pan, add the turnips and season. Add the honey and cook over a low heat for a few minutes (do not let the honey caramelise, all you are trying to do is take the bitterness out of the turnip). Add the rest of the water and cook over a low heat for a few minutes, then correct the seasoning, When all the liquid has evaporated the turnips should be cooked.

3. Wipe the mushrooms clean with a cloth, then heat a little truffle oil in a pan. Add the mushrooms, season and saute for one minute. Remove and serve.

To serve
Place the lasagne in the centre of the plate, arrange the vegetables around the plate, add the truffle sauce and serve with new potatoes.

Kevin Thornton is a Michelin-starred chef and owner of Thornton’s Restaurant on St Stephen’s Green in Dublin.
www.thorntonsrestaurant.com

Appetising asparagus

Sunday, April 20th, 2008

April marks the start of the season of one of my favourite vegetables – asparagus. Its young shoots have a wonderful, delicate flavour.

Asparagus is low in calories, contains no fat or cholesterol and is low in sodium. It is also a good source of folic acid, potassium and fibre and is rich in amino acid. Asparagus also has medicinal properties, being a diuretic. It is considered an aphrodisiac too.

The first asparagus of the season is the best, and the asparagus you’ll find in the shops at the moment comes from France; Irish asparagus won’t be available until late May.

Growing asparagus in your own garden is possible, but it’s quite tricky and it takes a few seasons to get it right. There are a few different types of the vegetable available. White asparagus has a different flavour and texture to green asparagus and is grown in the dark – hence its white colour. Both types are used in this recipe.

I devised this dish to marry together flavours that work with asparagus. It is a big hit at Thornton’s at this time of year.

Warm white asparagus with truffle hollandaise served with green asparagus bavarois, serves four

Bavarois
1 and half litres of fresh cream
2 bunches roughly-chopped green asparagus
60ml of water
20ml of olive oil
Sea salt
Fresh milled white pepper
1 and a half gelatine leaves

Bring the roughly-chopped green asparagus to the boil in lightly salted water. When the water has evaporated the asparagus should be cooked. Remove and puree in a blender, then pass through a fine sieve.

In a separate pot bring cream to the boil and reduce by 3/4 and remove from the heat.

Soak gelatine leaves in cold water until soft, then remove and squeeze out the liquid. Add to the cream. When dissolved pass mixture through a sieve. Pour the reduced cream into the asparagus puree. Refrigerate for about two hours until set.

Truffle hollandaise
Three egg yolks
50ml of truffle reduction
300g of clarified butter
2g sea salt
Freshly milled white pepper
20ml of boiling water
20g diced black truffle

Make truffle reduction by placing the following ingredients in a pot: 20ml truffle juice, 10ml truffle vinegar, 20ml white wine vinegar and one diced shallot. Bring to the boil over a medium heat and reduce by half.

Put the egg yolks and truffle reduction into a stainless steel bowl and place bowl over a pot of boiling water. Whisk until the mixture holds a figure eight pattern. Add the chopped truffle and slowly add the clarified butter, whisking all the time. Add a little warm water if you find that the hollandaise is getting too thick. Taste and correct the seasoning.

Truffle vinaigrette
20g diced black truffle
100ml of truffle vinegar
200ml of truffle oil
200ml of olive oil
50ml of truffle juice
20ml of water
Juice of half a lemon
Sea salt
Fresh milled white pepper

Place the diced truffle in a stainless steel bowl and whisk in the truffle vinegar, olive oil and truffle oil. Add the lemon juice and spring water, season with sea salt and freshly milled pepper. Taste and correct the seasoning if necessary.

Asparagus


20 white asparagus shoots
2 litres of water
10g of sea salt
8 chive strands
4 slices of black truffle

Wash and peel the asparagus and remove the ends.

Bring the water to the boil, add the salt and blanche the asparagus for four minutes. Remove and refresh in cold water.

Blanche the chives for a couple of seconds in the boiling salted water, remove and refresh in cold water. Wrap five pieces of asparagus together to make a portion, tying them with a chive strand.

Return to the water and cook for two to three minutes. Remove and season. Spoon truffle vinaigrette over asparagus. Arrange all the ingredients on a plate and serve.

Kevin Thornton is a Michelin-starred chef and owner of Thornton’s Restaurant on St Stephen’s Green in Dublin. www.thorntonsrestaurant.com

Pulling a rabbit out of the pot

Sunday, March 9th, 2008


Wild rabbit stew with dumplings made a regular appearance on our kitchen table when I was growing up – the rabbit having been snared locally.

Nowadays, rabbit is harder to come by. Although it is still sold in some butchers, it is not frequently found in supermarkets. If you’re on the hunt for rabbit, ask your butcher to source one for you, or try asking at one of the many farmers’ markets throughout the country.

Rabbit meat is a high-quality source of protein, and it can be used for the same dishes for which you would use chicken meat. It is leaner meat than beef, pork or chicken. Wild rabbit has less flesh than farmed rabbit and the meat is a little darker, whereas the loins of farmed rabbit are much bigger, the flesh is whiter and tastes quite like chicken. However, unlike chicken meat, it can be served pink. The farmed version available in Ireland comes mostly from France.

When cooking rabbit it is better to remove the flesh from the bone first. Rabbit’s back legs have a substantial amount of meat and so they can be prepared in a few different ways. One is to remove the flesh completely from the bone, cut the flesh between the muscle joints into three pieces and marinate overnight, then confit in duck fat for a couple of hours.

As Easter approaches, rabbit is on the menu at Thorntons. The recipe below is the one I cooked at the Rock of Cashel for Guerrilla Gourmet.

Loin of rabbit with carrot cones, pearl onions and truffle sauce


Ingredients – rabbit

Eight loins of rabbit
20ml veal stock

Method

Season rabbit loins and saute in a hot pan with a little olive oil until lightly browned. Add veal stock to deglaze. Remove the rabbit from the pan and rest for two minutes.

Ingredients – marinade

1 leek
1 shallot
1/2 bulb of garlic
Bunch of thyme
1 bay leaf
12 whole white peppercorns
50ml white burgundy wine
20ml sunflower oil
30ml olive oil

Method

Wash, peel and roughly chop leek and shallot. Then mix in a bowl with the wine, oils, peppercorns and herbs.

Ingredients – truffle vinaigrette

20g black truffle (finely chopped)
10ml white truffle oil
20ml olive oil
5ml water
10ml truffle vinegar
1/2 lemon juice
2g sea salt
Fresh milled pepper

Method

Mix all the ingredients together in a bowl using a whisk. Taste and correct the seasoning.

Ingredients – truffle sauce

Rabbit bones
250ml veal stock
250ml rabbit stock
Miripoix (diced shallot, garlic, leek, thyme, bay leaf, whole white peppercorns)
100ml truffle juice
10g black truffle (finely chopped)
50ml Madeira
Sea salt
Freshly milled white peppercorns
10g truffle butter (4g diced truffle and 10g unsalted butter pureed)
10ml of olive oil
Bouquet garni (parsley, thyme, bay leaf celery heart tied into a neat bunch)

Method

1. Heat pot and add a little olive oil. Add miripoix and cook for 3-4 minutes.

2. Roughly chop the rabbit bones and add to pot, cook over a medium heat until lightly brown then season with pepper.

3. Add the veal and rabbit stock and bouquet garni and bring to the boil. Reduce the heat to simmer and spoon off any impurities from the stock.

4. Simmer until reduced by half, then remove the stock from the heat and pass through a fine sieve.

5. In a clean pot place the diced black truffle and Madeira and bring to the boil. Then simmer and reduce by half.

6. Add the truffle juice and the finished stock. Bring to the boil and cook rapidly to trap in the flavour of the truffle, allowing the sauce to reduce by half.

7. Taste and correct the seasoning, then fold in the truffle butter over a low heat.

Carrot cones, pearl onions
20 pearl onions
20 black truffle slices
15g unsalted butter
500ml water
Sea salt
Freshly milled white peppercorns

Method

Wash and peel the pearl onions. Heat a pan, add 5g of unsalted butter and add the onions. Season and barely cover with water, then cook on a medium heat for about five minutes until the liquid has evaporated.

Carrot cones

Four carrots
1. Wash and peel the carrots, cut in quarter and shape like cones.

2. Heat the butter in a pot then add the carrots, allowing them to colour slightly.

3. Barely cover with water and season. Bring to the boil and simmer allowing carrots to cook to al dente consistency.

4. In a heated pot add a little olive oil, some roughly chopped carrot trimmings, seasoning and water and cook through until all the liquid has evaporated. Puree carrot in a blender to a smooth consistency.

To serve

On a warm plate add a dessertspoon of carrot puree and pull into a straight line. Place the carrot cones on top of the puree and the pearl onions in between the carrots.

Garnish with truffle slices, Cut the rabbit into even pieces. Sauce the plate and arrange the rabbit on top. Sprinkle with truffle vinaigrette and serve.

Kevin Thornton is a Michelin-starred chef and owner of Thornton’s Restaurant on St Stephen’s Green in Dublin. www.thorntonsrestaurant.com

Shell out on eggs

Sunday, January 20th, 2008


In the professional kitchen, eggs are used in a variety of ways. For example, we slightly dry fish eggs or roe from salmon and trout so the skin or the membrane is a little hard.

The eggs are a beautiful red colour and when you bite into them they burst in your mouth. Amazing. I love using herring eggs, as they are a wonderful opaque colour and, like salmon and trout roe, they can really finish off a dish.

All fish produce eggs; however, when they are doing so, the flesh of the fish doesn’t taste very good, as all of the nourishment is going into the reproductive process. We use the flesh of fish caught during their reproductive phase for mousses and stocks only.

I can clearly remember the first time I saw garden snail eggs. These are pure white and look incredibly exotic; they also have a fantastic flavour. As you might imagine these are hard to get so the price can be as much as, if not more than, that of even beluga caviar. Because of the increasing demand, snail eggs are now being farmed in America, Italy and France.

But to my mind you can’t beat real, free-range eggs. Like many kitchens, the eggs that we use most commonly at Thornton’s are chicken and duck eggs. Duck eggs are stronger in flavour than chicken eggs as they are not farmed as intensively. Duck eggs are more difficult to get hold of, but are great for making omelettes.

When I was a child, my dad made me eat a raw egg for breakfast at 6.30 every morning, and then he would head off for a ten-mile run. He said it would make me strong and give me lots of stamina like him, and I believed him.

At first I hated the taste and texture, but I got used to it and every day I would break and egg into a cup, mix it with a fork and knock it back before heading off to school. More palatable by far was the omelette my mother used to make using our own chicken and duck eggs from the farm.

Her recipe was simple: whisk three eggs in a bowl with a pinch of salt. This helps to break down the white of the egg, making it easier to blend the yolk and white together.

Then ”clean” the omelette pan with salt before using it. You do this by adding salt to the pan and placing it on the heat for a few minutes. Take the pan off the heat and use kitchen paper to rub in the salt. The latter, in this instance, acts as a much better solvent than water to clean your pan before cooking with it.

Dispose of the salt, return the pan to the heat, and add a little olive oil. Add the eggs and stir until the liquid starts to bind. Add whatever filling you wish to the centre of the mixture and fold the eggs over like an envelope to close. The entire process of cooking an omelette should take about 30 seconds. It is incredibly easy to make the perfect omelette, but surprisingly few people can make one.

When we are hiring new chefs at Thornton’s, making an omelette is always the first test of their culinary skills.

One of my favourite dishes is fried duck eggs with white truffle shavings on top. This combination provides a wonderful contrast both in terms of flavour and cost. Duck eggs are about €2 each, while white truffle costs a good deal more!

I place the truffles in a box with the eggs, as the porosity of the shell allows the eggs to take on the flavour of the truffle. In this way I can have truffle eggs for breakfast and also make truffle custard and truffle ice-cream.

This trick doesn’t work only with truffles; if you place eggs with any kind of strong food it will affect the way they taste.

Here is a recipe for truffle scrambled eggs – brilliant and so easy to make. You can substitute the truffle for something else if you wish, such as mushroom.

Truffle scrambled egg
For 4 persons
6 medium-size eggs
50 ml cream
50g unsalted butter
25g chopped truffle
5g sea salt
4 slices of truffle
1 slice of brioche
4 egg shells, halved
4 chive pastry pieces

Method:
1. Break the eggs into a bowl, add the salt and mix well. (Retain the halved egg shells for serving the dish.) Add the truffle and cream and mix again. It is best to use a fork and whisk clockwise as it helps to mix the white and yolk together and provides a little air to the mixture.

2. Cut the pastry into 6cm by 4cm pieces and lay them on parchment paper. Blanch the chives, cut them to the same length place them carefully in the middle of the pastry pieces, and lay another pastry piece on top. Cover with parchment paper with another tray on top and cook them in an oven at 150ºC for four minutes until golden brown.

3. Melt the butter in a warm pan. Add the truffle and egg combination and stir with a wooden spoon over a low heat until it starts to set (do not overcook, as the egg is better when it is runny or soft).

4. In the meantime, cut the brioche into four thin pieces, like the soldiers you used to eat when you were a child, and toast then until golden brown.

5. Place the truffle scrambled egg into the eggshells, and serve in an egg cup, with a slice of truffle on top and a slice of the chive pastry and some ‘’soldiers” on the side.

Kevin Thornton is one of the chefs featured in the Guerrilla Gourmet series on RTE One this Friday. Thornton will cook a five-course gourmet meal for his guests against the backdrop of the Rock of Cashel. He will use only camping gear to recreate the conditions under which the last meal was served on the Rock in the 15th century.

Kevin Thornton is a Michelin-starred chef and owner of Thornton’s Restaurant on St Stephen’s Green in Dublin. www.thorntonsrestaurant.com